Definition
Elliptic-curve cryptography is a public key that involves solving the Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problem (ECDLP), where deriving a public key from the private key is much easier than the reverse.
This encryption method is used in web browsing, instant messaging, email, and blockchain technology.
As with other cryptographic techniques, ECC’s security depends on proper implementation. Weak random number generation, poor implementation, and mishandling of keys can introduce security vulnerabilities.
Comparing Elliptical Curve Cryptography with RSA
Elliptical curve cryptography uses less computing power to encrypt and decrypt data than other methods, such as RSA. For example, a 256-bit ECC key would require a 3072-bit RSA key to achieve an equivalent security strength.
Since ECC offers comparable security with lower computational power and battery resources, it is widespread in devices with limited CPU resources, such as mobile applications and Internet of Things (IoT) devices.