Definition
An attack surface is the collection of weaknesses or points of intrusion that a hacker may exploit to attack a network, application, or system. It comprises hardware and software components, network interfaces, and tools that unauthorized users can access.
Minimizing the attack surface is an essential way of enhancing a system’s security, which includes reducing unnecessary services. Applying security patches and implementing strong access control on time is advisable.
Examples of Attack Surface
- Open ports: Unprotected network terminals may present criminals an entry point to gain access to networks or systems. You can minimize the attack surface by closing unnecessary ports.
- Obsolete software: Software that has not been patched or upgraded may include security weaknesses, rendering it vulnerable to hackers.
- Weak default passwords: Such passwords are simple to guess or crack, offering a possible entry point for cybercriminals.
Tips to Minimize the Attack Surface
- Keep your systems and software patched and updated to remove vulnerabilities.
- Use multi-factor authentication and robust passwords.
- Review user access often and permission and limit access to what is only necessary.
- Apply network separation to isolate critical systems and lower lateral movement.
- Utilize a reliable VPN provider to encrypt your online connections and safeguard your web activities.
Common Attack Surfaces
- Application attack surface: It refers to the possible weaknesses and entry points within a company’s software applications, including internet apps, cloud-based services, and mobile apps. Cybercriminals may exploit these to access sensitive information, distribute malware, or compromise user accounts.
- Device attack surface: It refers to the likely vulnerabilities and entry points within a company’s devices, including smartphones, tablets, and laptops. Hackers may misuse these to access the company’s system to steal sensitive data or launch attacks.
- Network attack surface: These are the potential vulnerabilities and entry points on a company’s network infrastructure, such as firewalls, switches, and routers. Attackers may exploit these flaws to gain unauthorized access to the network or launch attacks.
- User account /Identity attack surface: This refers to the potential vulnerabilities and entry points within a company’s user accounts, including lack of access controls or weak passwords. Attackers may exploit such weaknesses to launch attacks on other systems or gain access to sensitive details.